Foster Care Crisis The Mirror For Society - 2803 Words

Brittany King Adrian Chevraux-Fitzhugh Soc 305 26 April 2014 Foster Care Crisis: The Mirror for Society There can be no keener revelation of a society s soul than the way in which it treats its children. –Nelson Mandela America idolizes youth, dubbing it a time of freedom, innocence, and incorruptible joy. However, approximately 400,000 foster kids in the US might understand childhood as something very different (Children’s Bureau).To them, youth may represent chains to an unstable, corrupt system as it unsuccessfully works to decide their futures. It may also represent a period of indefinite circumstances, isolation, and continual change. The Foster Care crisis isn’t just a few poor government policies that affect the tangible elements of our society; it is a crisis that impacts the personal lives of many individuals. Minorities, Women, LGTB have all fought to ensure their rightful place and voice in society. Now it’s up to America to fight for those who cannot start their own movements, create their own bills, and overcome their silence. What we do for ou r foster children will reflect the true nature of our values. What we do for our foster children, we do for ourselves. Historical Background The first foster care program emerged in 1853 under the name â€Å"The Placing Out System† of New York created by Charles Loring Brace in efforts to deplete the overcrowded institutions and orphanages (McDonald 23). By 1923, thirty-four other states established similarShow MoreRelatedBuffy Montgomery. Dr. Walter Frazee. Biology. March 11,852 Words   |  4 Pages Buffy Montgomery Dr. Walter Frazee Biology March 11, 2017 Are We Living in Huxley s Brave New World? In today s world, we are deeply divided into social classes. Entertainment rules the world and the people care more about Facebook likes and impersonal digital interactions then they do about spending real time with family and friends. 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EzraRead MoreEriksons Psychosocial Development Theory10839 Words   |  44 Pageserik eriksons psychosocial crisis life cycle model - the eight stages of human development Eriksons model of psychosocial development is a very significant, highly regarded and meaningful concept. Life is a serious of lessons and challenges which help us to grow. Eriksons wonderful theory helps to tell us why. The theory is helpful for child development, and adults too. For the lite version, heres a quick diagram and summary. Extra details follow the initial overview. For more informationRead MoreProfessional School Counseling3972 Words   |  16 Pagesreader with the personal reflections concerning school counseling and a discussion of the commitment to provide biblically grounded, ethical and empirically based services from the point of view of the writer. Introduction Children are in a society where the world is rapidly changing. 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Bad Therapy Free Essays

In the book â€Å"Bad Therapy: Master Therapists Share Their Worst Failures† by Jeffrey A Kottler it shows how other therapists use psychotherapy and how the therapists deem certain sessions as bad therapy. When the authors began this work their aim was to create an opportunity by which some of the most prominent therapists in the field could talk about what they considered to be their worst work in order to encourage other practitioners to be more open to admitting their mistakes. The authors are among the 22 therapists who agreed to participate in the project. We will write a custom essay sample on Bad Therapy or any similar topic only for you Order Now The result of the interviews, all conducted over the telephone is this collection of short and very readable accounts. The credentials of the list of contributors to the book are impressive. In the preface the authors explained that they selected the participants because all were prominent and influential, had a body of published work and years of clinical experience. Arnold A. Lazarus, a pioneer of Behavior Therapy is among the writers. Between them, the authors alone have written over 70 books on counseling and psychotherapy. The majority of these therapists are working in a public professional life. They write books, run training courses, lecture and demonstrate their techniques to large professional audiences. They produce tapes and videos of their work. Throughout the text there are many references to the anxiety stirred by the nature of the subject on which these therapists were asked to reflect this because of the possibility of a lawsuit and laws. Each chapter is a narrative account of the conversation the authors had with the therapist who was asked to talk about incidences in his or her clinical practice which evoked uncomfortable memories, feelings of regret or guilt, or a sense of failure. Strong emphasis is laid upon what can be learned from the mistakes. I found this and the more general reflections on the theme of what makes therapy bad helpful to me considering a career in the clinical practice. The refreshing honesty of the therapist’s accounts that gave me a sense of the tensions that arise during these sessions, â€Å"projecting an image of perfection†, and â€Å"stories of miraculous successes† (p. 189) or the â€Å"stunning failures† (p. ix). These words made me reflect on the nature of idealization and its opposite, devaluation on what success and failure means in therapy. It also helped me to reflect on the high expectations we put on ourselves as therapist to train well and to be viewed as doing a good job in the eyes of our clients, peers, trainers and supervisors. There is an uncertainty to what we view as good and what is bad in therapy. Good and bad can become intertwined with emotionally charged meaning along the success-failure road and their use is dependent upon expectations of good techniques or good interpretations. The value of the ordinary human contact with the client can get caught up in an anxiety ridden preoccupation with the right way of doing things. At the beginning of the book, the authors state that they â€Å"tried for a cross section of representative styles and theoretical orientations† (p. x). But none of the 22 contributing therapist practices in the psychodynamic tradition. The therapeutic relationship is known as being important and the interaction between therapist and client is very much the basis of what happens in these accounts but the term â€Å"transference† is used only once or twice and not explained. The term â€Å"countertransference† is used in several places and in the context of some exploration of interpersonal dynamics but this is not explained either as a concept or as a useful frame within which to understand what happens in the emotional field between therapist and client. One of the few exceptions occurs in the discussion between the authors and Richard Schwartz (p. 51-52) in which the therapist talks about the importance of noting countertransference thoughts or behaviors, commenting that many therapists do not think about their own emotional responses to their clients. In several accounts, the therapist was left with a hangover of guilt or regret as a result of the bad therapy practiced. If a detailed exploration of the transference and countertransference dynamics had been possible then I suspect the focus of what was bad might have been shifted from it being a bad technique or an unfortunate intervention or maybe strategy to the kind of understanding that psychoanalytic psychotherapists are more familiar with. Also the impact of unconscious projection and introjections upon ourselves and our client’s behavior or emotional response, an example was given of this occurrence in the first chapter when the therapist, Kottler, briefly describes how he got mad at a client who would not dump her abusive boyfriend, and told her not to come back because he could not help her and then hoped she received better care elsewhere from another therapist. If a way of attempting to unravel what happened in this session were to think about the repetitive actions of an explosive situation in the client’s life during the session, the conclusion that this was bad therapy would be different. The kind of understanding that a psychodynamically trained therapist or counselor brings on some of these accounts made gave me a sense of what could happen during a session, such as Jeffrey Kottlers confession to sometimes feeling invisible and irrelevant as part of the personal process he encountered in interviewing the contributors (p. 195). Both authors remarked that the contributors did not â€Å"go deeper† (pgs. 195, 197). Neither really explains what they meant by this and I suspect a similar sentiment is felt by many therapists. I felt there was a certain lack of depth and substance to the book because of the absence of consideration of the workings of the unconscious mind. The meaning of â€Å"bad therapy† must be deemed by individuals reading the book. But in the book bad therapy means â€Å"In summary, bad therapy occurs when either the client or the therapist is not satisfied with the result and when that outcome can be traced to the therapist’s repeated miscalculations, misjudgments, or mistakes† (p. 198). It would be very interesting to extend this question of what makes for bad therapy by opening a clinically orientated debate among psychodynamic counselors and psychotherapists. What is the difference between bad practice and bad experience in psychotherapy and counseling would be a good question to pose. Both the therapists and clients may from time to time have a bad experience of each other or of the effects of our words or of feelings which cannot be thought about or adequately contained in a single moment. If we are open enough to be available to receive our client’s projections and be affected by emotions unconsciously intended to be a communication, we will no doubt feel the bad emotions or the mental state being projected. It will be enough to call this countertransference. If a bad experience is not able to be recognized then transforming the experience into something understandable in terms of the need of the client or even the mental state of the therapist it could become an example of bad therapy. What makes for bad therapy cannot be limited to doubtful strategies or mistimed interpretations or the wrong techniques. We are human in relationship to another and constantly affected by the emotional impact the other has on us if we are not really emotionally present to the client for some reason or if the client is using the therapist to communicate his or her experience of not being responded to emotionally. The point is that therapists need to find ways of transcending the experience so that it can be understood or changed by being given the benefit of thoughtful reflection. This may be a result of consulting our internal supervisor or of talking with a trusted peer group or external supervisor or consultant. Another related question has to do with the responsibility we take upon ourselves for monitoring and understanding what we call countertransference. In the book the point is made, several times, which we can all too easily label or blame our clients for their bad behavior or resistance or ability to make us feel tired, angry or irritable. Are we so focused on what the client does to us and on using this as a helpful therapeutic tool that the therapist will lose sight of their own state of mind or emotion which Freud cautions in relation to countertransference may be interfering with therapist’s ability? We need our peer colleagues and supervisors to help monitor therapists state of mind and reactions to their clients so that the ability to enter into the experience of the encounter with the client does not turn into a case of bad practice due to the absence of reflective thinking or insightful monitoring. I would recommend â€Å"Bad Therapy† to both trainees and the more experienced counselors and psychotherapists for its very thought provoking and interesting content as well as the unusual opportunity to gain insight into the mind and emotions of the practitioner at work. Reference: Kottler, J. A. , Carlson, J. (2003). Bad therapy: Master therapists share their worst failures. New York: Brunner-Routledge. How to cite Bad Therapy, Papers

Vital Signs Assessment And IV Cannula Assessment In Nursing Care

Question: Discuss about the Vital Signs Assessment And IV Cannula Assessment. Answer: Priority nursing assessments to determine Johns nursing care During nursing care, the followingnursing assessments should be conducted on John; wound assessment, vital signs assessment, and IV cannula assessment(Ginger, 2016). After receiving Johns report from the ward nurse the first thing to do is to assess the IV cannula site, for signs of infections, because it is an artificial opening into the blood system that can easily carry infections if not used aseptically(Davidson, 2016), also inspect it for patency to determine if he needs a new one or not and assess how long it has stayed in situ, because the longer it has stayed the higher the chances of getting an infection. Johns vital signs that is blood pressure, respiratory rate, temperature, pulse rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation rate, pain score, alertness, and urinary output should be given priority during assessment, because they are the earliest indicators of an infection and how well the physiologic processes are taking place, they should always be within the normal range. Wound as sessment is another priority assessment; the wound is assessed for signs of infection and exudation because they indicate the healing process. Necessity for nursing care John requires totalnursing care because he has cellulitis and bacterial infection from the wound. He is on Intravenous medication with gentamycin which should be monitored carefully due to nephrotoxicity and the wound should be monitored as it heals to minimize complications. He also has a history of chronic anxiety, which should be monitored, because it can recur due to bacterial infection, cellulitis and hospitalization. Consequences of incomplete assessment Incomplete assessment can lead to complications of the infection, incomplete wound healing and development of acute tubular necrosis due to gentamycin which is a nephrotoxic agent. Explain why was John prescribed Gentamycin 300mg IV TDS and Ibuprofen 400mg oral TDS Gentamycin was prescribed to John because it is a broad spectrum antibiotic and its active against most gram negative organisms including Proteus species, Pseudomonas which can result to nosocomial infections. Gentamycin is enough to cover John for the bacterial infection, cellulitis and is a prophylactic against pseudomonas which can result to a nosocomial bacterial infection leading to complications. It is administered through IV because it will be highly effective through that route of administration(M, 2016). Ibuprofen is prescribed because it is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used for treating pain fever and inflammation. John will be experiencing pain due to the wound, fever due to the bacterial infection and inflammation as a result of the wound and the body healing mechanism. Ibuprofen will be used to minimize the effects of inflammation, which are pain, fever and tenderness(Reed, 2017). Identify and explain nursing responsibilities associated with administration Of these medications The nurses responsibility is to ensure adherence and assess for effectiveness of the medication and their side effects. Gentamycin is associated with nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity among other side effects such as nerve damage, low blood count allergic responses and neuromuscular problems. The nurse should assess the patient for signs of adverse reaction, through physical assessment, urinary output and urine analysis. Ibuprofen has the following adverse effects pruritus, bronchospasms, constipation, dyspepsia, and diarrhea, increased risk of liver failure heart failure and kidney failure and gastrointestinal bleeding and high blood pressure. The nurse should be on the look-out for these effects through physical assessment andnursing assessment of the patients condition daily. The nurse has to note that kidney failure and nephrotoxicity are side effects of both medications and they can superimpose on each other worsening the condition; therefore frequent urine analysis and urinary output is vital to monitor the patency of the renal system. Nursing assessment on deterioration Due to the deteriorating state of the client expressed by increased heart rate, increased systolic blood pressure, an increased respiratory rate and a slightly reduced body temperature indicates side effects of the medication, additional assessments that the nurse should do perform are urinary output and urine analysis to assess the kidney function in-case of adverse effects of the medications and perform a hearing assessment to isolate the extensiveness of the adverse effects. Also perform a wound assessment and IV cannula site assessment, to assess for any sign of infection from the outside. My conclusions from the signs and symptoms would be an adverse reaction from the medication or an infection from either the wound site or the IV cannula site. Maybe the IV cannula had overstayed and the client has sustained and infection which can result to the increased heart rate and respiratory rate, and worsened by the medications. Another conclusion can be an anxiety attack, because John has a history of chronic anxiety, which can be worsened by the disease process. Nursing interventions The patient should be assisted back the bed and propped up to aid in respiration(Butcher, 2018). Also give diazepam to manage anxiety that might occur as a result of the disease process or the medication interaction leading to physiologic changes, and take a swab of the wound for laboratory diagnosis to isolate any cause of infection(Sherwood, 2017). Also monitor the urinary output and urine analysis for renal functions. Document all of the procedures done to the patient in the patient file(Kerr, 2013). John condition could be prevented if someone was with him during the30 minutes when the medication was running, to evaluate his response to the medication and any other factors that could have worsened his anxiety, also someone should have assessed the IV cannula site for patency. Patient education during discharge planning On discharge educate the patient on the importance of adherence to medication both the antibiotics and anxiolytics and daily wound dressing to prevent the wound from becoming septic and to encourage healing. Emphasize on the importance of bed rest, to allow the wound to heal and teach on signs and symptoms of anxiety and how to avoid the triggering factors. Finally tell the patient that they can get information from the hospital website. On discharge counsel the patient on lifestyle modification, with a low-sodium diet because of the side effects of medication(Peter, 2015). Bibliography Butcher, H. (2018). Nursing Interventions classification (NIC)-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. Davidson, M. (2016). Teaching aseptic techniqueApplying the basics. Infection, Disease Health, 21(3), 139. Ginger, J. (2016). Transcultural Nursing-E-Book: Assessment and Intervention. Elsevier Health Sciences. Kerr, D. (2013). Bedside handover enhances completion of nursing care and documentation. Journal of nursing care quality, 28(3), 217-225. M, A. (2016, May). Topical application of intra-sternal Vancomycin and subcutaneous Gentamycin significantly reduces deep sternal wound infection after cardiac surgery. In WIENER KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT, 28. Peter, D. (2015). Reducing readmissions using teach-back: enhancing patient and family education. Reducing readmissions using teach-back: enhancing patient and family education., 45(1), 35-42. Reed, G. (2017). Effect of Aspirin on the Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal, and Renal Safety of Celecoxib, Naproxen, or Ibuprofen. Sherwood, G. (2017). Quality and safety in nursing: A competency approach to improving outcomes. John Wiley Sons.